Archeology and Society - Embracing Truth Beyond Beliefs - Are we ready?
- Shrikant Soman
- Mar 19
- 7 min read
Archeology and Society - Embracing Truth Beyond Beliefs - Are we ready?
Shrikant Soman
Our understanding of history is shaped by centuries of inherited beliefs, passed down through generations and reinforced by tradition. However, as archaeology continues to uncover new evidence, it becomes crucial to reexamine these long-held narratives in the light of factual discoveries. This is especially true in the Indian context, where our great epics—Ramayana, Mahabharata, and the life of Shri Krishna—hold deep cultural and spiritual significance. While these stories have been a guiding force for millions, should we not also be receptive to what rigorous archaeological research reveals about our past?
सा विद्या या विमुक्तये। True knowledge is that which liberates. — Vishnu Purana
There is ample evidence about key catalysts of human civilization—such as the use of metals like bronze, copper, and iron, advancements in agriculture, town planning, and the development of stone tools. These discoveries provide a factual framework for understanding historical progress. Yet, any attempt to correlate these findings with our cherished myths is often met with resistance. Instead of embracing knowledge, we hesitate, fearing that new insights might challenge the foundations of our faith.
The real test of a mature society is not how fiercely it holds on to its cherished beliefs but how openly it engages with new perspectives. Growth is not about blindly discarding traditions, nor is it about rejecting inconvenient truths. It is about evolving through a balanced, rational, and fearless discourse.
A tradition without intelligence is not worth having. — T. S. Eliot
At present, questioning widely accepted beliefs—even when backed by solid evidence—is met with hostility. Those who attempt to uncover and present new truths often face ridicule, social exclusion, or even serious threats to their safety. Such resistance does not foster progress; instead, it traps us in a cycle of intellectual stagnation.
Archaeologists and researchers who challenge conventional narratives are frequently branded as "anti-national" or "anti-Hindu," rather than being recognized for their valuable contributions. This narrow-minded approach does not strengthen our civilization; it undermines our intellectual growth. Instead of resisting fresh perspectives, we should actively support such research, for true strength lies not in silencing difficult questions but in having the courage to seek honest answers.
In reality, much of this work has already been done. Many groundbreaking findings exist in research papers and academic circles. However, due to fear of public backlash, these insights rarely make their way into mainstream discourse. They remain confined to scholarly debates rather than becoming part of a broader, more enlightened public understanding.
If we truly wish to elevate our society to a higher level of intellectual and cultural evolution, we must cultivate an open mind. We must encourage fearless inquiry, welcome academic research, and engage with history as seekers of truth, not as defenders of dogma. Only then can we claim to be a civilization that thrives on wisdom rather than one that merely clings to comforting illusions.
असतो मा सद्गमय। तमसो मा ज्योतिर्गमय। Lead me from untruth to truth. Lead me from darkness to light. — Brihadaranyaka Upanishad 1.3.28
Whether or not it is corroborated by archaeological evidence, the epic story of Mahabharata holds profound lessons for humanity. At its core, it is not merely a tale of war but a timeless exploration of duty (dharma), righteousness, moral dilemmas, and the consequences of human actions. The epic vividly illustrates the complexities of power, the ethical struggles between right and wrong, and the importance of standing up for justice, even in the face of adversity. These themes remain just as relevant in today’s world, where individuals, societies, and nations constantly grapple with ethical choices, conflicts of interest, and the pursuit of justice.
To deny history is to deny our future. — George Santayana
The Mahabharata also teaches us about the impermanence of power, the dangers of unchecked ambition, and the ultimate triumph of truth. The Bhagavad Gita, embedded within the epic, offers profound philosophical insights on selfless action, inner detachment, and the path to true wisdom—lessons that continue to guide people in leadership, governance, and personal growth. In this sense, the epic serves as a mirror to human nature and remains an invaluable guide for navigating the challenges of modern life.
ज्ञानं परमं ध्येयम्। The pursuit of knowledge is the highest goal. — Mahabharata
However, recognizing its philosophical and ethical wisdom does not mean we should ignore archaeological findings that may provide new insights into our past. A mature and evolved society should be capable of both honoring the spiritual and cultural significance of epics like the Mahabharata while also being receptive to historical and archaeological discoveries. Holding on rigidly to a particular historical interpretation, while disregarding well-researched evidence, does not serve the cause of truth or progress.
The price of wisdom is eternal questioning — Socrates
If we adopt an open and balanced approach—one that values the moral and philosophical teachings of our epics while also embracing the advancements of historical research—we will pave the way for a more enlightened society. Instead of perceiving archaeological findings as a threat to faith, we should view them as an opportunity to deepen our understanding of the past. In doing so, we not only preserve the wisdom of our traditions but also contribute to the intellectual evolution of humanity, allowing us to grow beyond dogma and towards a more nuanced and enlightened perspective of our heritage.
शोध यथार्थस्य प्रमाणं। Research is the proof of truth. — Charaka Samhita
The rich tapestry of Bharatiya arts, culture, philosophy, and spiritual traditions is a matter of immense pride for every Indian. From the exquisite sculptures of Khajuraho and the Ajanta-Ellora cave paintings to the profound wisdom of the Vedas and Upanishads, from the diverse yogic traditions to the mystical advancements in Tantra—our heritage is unparalleled in depth and breadth. These cultural and spiritual treasures have stood the test of time, inspiring generations and shaping the collective consciousness of our civilization.
All great truths begin as blasphemies — George Bernard Shaw
The essence of this heritage is far greater than just the literal historicity of specific events. It cannot be diminished by archaeological discoveries that may challenge traditional timelines or interpretations. For instance, even if the historical dating of certain events in the Ramayana or Mahabharata is debated, it does not take away from their profound influence on society, ethics, and human values. Similarly, the greatness of temples like Konark or Brihadeeswara is not defined merely by their chronology but by the architectural brilliance and spiritual vision they embody.
We should rightly take pride in our civilization’s remarkable achievements—whether in literature, science, mathematics, medicine, or spirituality. However, true pride should not make us resistant to scholarly inquiry or historical research. A confident civilization does not fear debate; rather, it welcomes new perspectives as a means of deeper understanding. While cherishing our glorious past, we must also cultivate an open-minded approach that allows us to engage with history as an evolving field of knowledge rather than a fixed, unquestionable narrative.
सर्वं ज्ञानं मया साध्यम्। All knowledge is worth attaining. — Adi Shankaracharya
It is this balance—of reverence for our heritage and receptiveness to academic discourse—that will truly strengthen Bharat as a progressive and intellectually evolved society.
I am an ardent propounder of Bharat Dharma and have extensively written on this topic over time. You may refer to my detailed thoughts on my blog: Bharat Dharma.
I consider myself a proud son of Bharatmata, deeply rooted in the rich spiritual and cultural legacy of our land. At the same time, I strongly advocate for an open and receptive mindset—one that embraces archaeological discoveries and encourages intellectual debates. Far from being a contradiction, this attitude is, in fact, a fundamental characteristic of Bharat Dharma itself.
न जातु कामान् न भयान् न लोभात् धर्मं त्यजेज्जीवितस्यापि हेतोः। Never abandon truth for desire, fear, or greed, even at the cost of your life. — Manusmriti 4.138
Our tradition has never been about blind adherence to dogma; rather, it has thrived on questioning, evolving, and integrating new knowledge. From the Upanishadic dialogues to the robust debates in ancient universities like Nalanda and Takshashila, our civilization has always valued intellectual inquiry. Engaging with history and scientific research does not weaken our cultural and spiritual roots—on the contrary, it strengthens the very foundation of Bharat Dharma by upholding its core tenet: the fearless pursuit of truth.
Thus, being open to new discoveries and interpretations is not an attack on our heritage; rather, it is a reaffirmation of the very spirit that has sustained Bharat through millennia.
I am currently pursuing formal studies in Archaeology at Mumbai University. As part of this journey, I have had the opportunity to explore numerous research papers and books on the subject. Additionally, I have been fortunate to engage in thought-provoking discussions with eminent archaeologists, gaining insights from diverse perspectives and in considerable depth.
At first, reconciling my traditional beliefs with the new archaeological findings was a deeply unsettling experience. It seemed as though my foundational understanding of Bharat, its heritage, and its teachings was being shaken. The contrast between historical narratives shaped by faith and the empirical evidence presented by archaeology created a sense of internal conflict.
The test of a first-rate intelligence is the ability to hold two opposed ideas in mind at the same time and still retain the ability to function. — F. Scott Fitzgerald
However, through deep introspection and a genuine quest for understanding, I found a way to embrace both perspectives without undermining either. To my pleasant surprise, instead of diminishing my reverence for Bharat Dharma, this journey has enriched my knowledge and strengthened my faith. It has made me an even more resolute adherent of Bharat Dharma and an even prouder son of Bharatmata.
This blog is my humble attempt to share my honest reflections, personal introspection, and newfound understanding—my discoveries in this vast and wondrous landscape of Bharat.
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